표제지
ABSTRACT
목차
기호 및 약어 설명 11
제1장 서론 13
제1절 연구의 배경 13
제2절 관련 연구동향 14
제3절 연구목적 16
제2장 연구방법 및 범위 17
제1절 이론적 고찰 17
1. PAHs의 구조 및 독성 17
2. PAHs의 물리·화학적 성질 23
3. PAHs의 발생원 25
4. PAHs의 환경 중에서 거동 28
5. 인체로의 흡입 경로 및 체내 대사 38
6. 대기 중 PAHs 시료 채취기의 종류 및 특성 42
제2절 실험재료 및 실험방법 47
1. 실험재료 47
2. 대기시료 채취 48
3. PUF PAS 53
4. 시료 추출 55
5. 시료 전처리 56
6. PAHs 분석 62
7. 정도관리(QA/QC) 66
제3장 결과 및 토의 67
제1절 PUF PAS의 선형흡착기간 67
제2절 PUF PAS의 PAHs 시료채취율 70
제3절 PUF PAS에 채취된 입자상 물질의 입경 77
제4절 PUF PAS로 대기 중 PAHs 농도 계산 79
1. 시료채취율을 이용한 방법 79
2. LVAS-PUF PAS 농도 사이의 회귀직선을 이용한 방법 83
3. Log(CPUFPAS/CA)와 LogKPUF-A간 상관식을 이용하는 방법[이미지참조] 86
제5절 안성지역 대기 중 PAHs 농도 특성 90
1. 계절별 안성지역 대기 중 PAHs 농도 90
2. 안성지역 대기 중 PAHs 농도의 독성등가치 94
3. 안성지역 대기 중 PAHs 발생원 97
4. 안성 지역별 대기 중 PAHs 농도 99
제4장 결론 104
참고문헌 106
국문요약 120
부록 122
Table 1. The carcinogenic class and TEF of 16 PAHs 21
Table 2. Toxicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) 22
Table 3. Physicochemical properties of 16 PAHs at 25℃ 24
Table 4. PAHs emissions in Korea 27
Table 5. Comparison of the flow rate between rotameter and mass flowmeter 52
Table 6. Analytical conditions of GC-MS for PAHs quantitative determination 63
Table 7. Linear adsorption time (day) for each PAHs 69
Table 8. Concentrations of atmospheric PAHs uptaken by LVAS and PUF PAS 71
Table 9. PAHs sampling rate of PUF PAS in this study 73
Table 10. PAHs sampling rate of PUF PAS by other researchers 76
Table 11. PAHs concentration in the atmosphere sampled by PUF PAS 80
Table 12. Atmospheric PAHs concentrations calculated by sampling rate 82
Table 13. Atmospheric PAHs concentrations calculated by equation (3) 85
Table 14. PAHs concentration in ambient air by nationwide air pollution monitoring network in Anseong 2019~2020 93
Table 15. Toxicity Equivalency (TEQ) of atmospheric PAHs in Anseong 95
Table 16. Reference compound ratios of selected PAHs from previous studies and this study 98
Table 17. PAHs concentration in the atmosphere at three Anseong sampling sites sampled by PUF PAS 101
Table 18. PAHs concentration in the atmosphere calculated equation 3 at three Anseong sampling sites 102
Table 19. Toxicity Equivalency (TEQ) of atmospheric PAHs in three Anseong sampling sites 103
Fig. 1. Structures and nomenclatures of the 16 PAHs on the EPA priority pollutant list. 18
Fig. 2. Behaviors of PAH in the environment. 29
Fig. 3. PAH exposure pathways for plants. 31
Fig. 4. In preferential partition charged PAHs are attracted to organic matters between the abundance in soil and biosphere. 33
Fig. 5. Interrelationships of PAHs in the aquatic ecosystem 34
Fig. 6. Pathway of Environmental PAHs to human body. 39
Fig. 7. Schematic diagram of High volume air sampler (HVAS). 44
Fig. 8. Several artificial PAS types. 46
Fig. 9. Schematic diagram of low volume air sampler (LVAS). 49
Fig. 10. Schematic diagram of polyurethane foam disk passive air sampler (PUF PAS). 54
Fig. 11. Soxhlet extractor. 55
Fig. 12. Schematic diagram of silica-alumina column for sample clean-up. 57
Fig. 13. Elution diagram of selected PAHs for the silica-alumina column. 58
Fig. 14. GPC chromatography column. 60
Fig. 15. Elution diagram of selected PAHs for the GPC column. 61
Fig. 16. GC-MS chromatogram of PAHs calibration standard. 64
Fig. 17. Analytical procedure for the quantification of PAHs. 65
Fig. 18. Theoretical uptake curve for PUF PAS showing the linear, curvilinear and approach to equilibrium stages of uptake. 68
Fig. 19. Variation of PUF PAS samping rate, molecular weight and LogKPUF-A of PAHs.[이미지참조] 74
Fig. 20. SEM image of particles collected inside and outside of PUF PAS. 78
Fig. 21. The regression straight line between the atmospheric PAHs concentration uptaken from LVAS and PUF PAS. 84
Fig. 22. Comparison between polyurethane form air partition coefficient (LogKPUF-A) and PAHs concentration ratio [Log(CPUF PAS/CA)] collected by LVAS and PUF PAS.[이미지참조] 88
Fig. 23. Correlation between polyurethane form air partition coefficient (LogKPUF-A) and PAHs concentration ratio [Log(CPUF PAS/CA)] collected by LVAS and PUF PAS.[이미지참조] 89
Fig. 24. Seasonal distribution of atmospheric PAHs concentration in Anseong. 92
Fig. 25. Seasonal distribution of atmospheric PAHs toxicity equivalency (TEQ) in Anseong. 96
Fig. 26. Three regional sampling points in Anseong. 100