표제지
ABSTRACT
목차
Ⅰ. 서론 13
Ⅱ. 연구사 15
1. 혐기성 소화 15
1.1. 혐기성 소화의 메커니즘 15
1.2. 혐기성 소화의 분류 16
2. 혐기성 소화의 종간전자전달 메커니즘 18
3. 국내 음식물류 폐기물의 에너지 잠재량 및 처리현황 20
4. 음식물류 폐기물 혐기성 소화 특성 23
5. DIET를 이용한 혐기성 소화 선행연구 사례 24
Ⅲ. 재료 및 방법 26
1. 회분식 (Batch) 반응기 운전 26
1.1. 공시시료 및 성상분석 26
1.2. 운전조건 28
2. 압출식 (Plug flow reactor, PFR) 반응기 운전 29
2.1. 공시시료 및 성상분석 29
2.2. 운전조건 30
3. 완전혼합식 (Continuous stirrer tank reactor, CSTR) 반응기 운전 31
3.1. 공시시료 및 성상분석 31
3.2. 운전조건 32
4. 분석 모델 및 분석 방법 33
4.1. 생화학적 메탄퍼텐셜 (Biochemical methane potential, Bu) 분석[이미지참조] 33
4.2. 실험 분석 방법 33
4.3. 반응속도 분석 34
4.4. 통계처리 34
Ⅳ. 결과 및 고찰 35
1. 회분식 반응기 운전 35
1.1. 마그네타이트 투입농도별 생화학적 메탄퍼텐셜 비교 35
1.2. 마그네타이트 투입 농도별 최대메탄생산속도 비교 37
2. 압출식 반응기 운전 45
2.1. 압출식 반응기 운전 유입원료(음폐수) 성상 분석 결과 45
2.2. 압출식 반응기 운전 혐기성 소화액 성상 분석 결과 49
2.3. Magnetite 투입에 따른 메탄생성 효율 분석 결과 - 압출식 반응기 56
3. 완전혼합식 반응기 운전 59
3.1. 완전혼합식 반응기 운전 유입원료(음폐수) 성상 분석 결과 59
3.1. 완전혼합식 반응기 운전 혐기성 소화액 성상 분석 결과 63
3.3. Magnetite 투입에 따른 메탄생성 효율 분석 결과 - 완전혼합식 반응기 68
Ⅴ. 결론 71
Ⅵ. 참고문헌 73
국문요약 78
Table 1. Classification of anaerobic digester. 17
Table 2. Potential energy of livestock manure and organic waste resources. 21
Table 3. Facts of biogas production facility using organic waste resources in 2019 21
Table 4. Energy production and utilization of biogas plant in 2019 22
Table 5. Previous research on anaerobic digestion using food waste 23
Table 6. Previous research on anaerobic digestion using DIET materials 25
Table 7. Chemical composition of inoculum used in BMP assay. 26
Table 8. Chemical composition of food waste water used in BMP assay. 27
Table 9. Chemical composition of inoculum used in PFR operation. 29
Table 10. Chemical composition of inoculum used in CSTR operation. 31
Table 11. Methane yield by concentration according to the addition of magnetite 36
Table 12. Comparison of maximum methane production rate by concentration according to the addition of magnetite 38
Table 13. Chemical composition of food waste water fed to PFR 45
Table 14. Properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in PFR (Reactor - 1). 50
Table 15. Properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in PFR (Reactor - 2) 50
Table 16. Average methane production and methane concentration by operation period to PFR 58
Table 17. Chemical composition of food waste water fed to CSTR 59
Table 18. Properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in CSTR 63
Table 19. Average methane production and methane concentration by operation period 70
Fig. 1. Schematic of the processes and microorganisms responsible for conversion of complex organic material to CH₄ and CO₂ under anaerobic conditions 16
Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of current anaerobic digestion process 17
Fig. 3. Mechanisms of indirect interspecies electron transmission 19
Fig. 4. Mechanisms of direct interspecies electron transmission 19
Fig. 5. Batch reactor operation schematic diagram 28
Fig. 6. Plug flow reactor operation schematic diagram 30
Fig. 7. Continuous stirrer tank reactor 32
Fig. 8. Methane yield by concentration according to the addition of magnetite 36
Fig. 9. Maximum methane production rate by 1st and 2nd derivative (Control, 5mM - Magnetite)[이미지참조] 39
Fig. 10. Maximum methane production rate by 1st and 2nd derivative (10, 15mM - Magnetite)[이미지참조] 40
Fig. 11. Maximum methane production rate by 1st and 2nd derivative (20, 25mM - Magnetite)[이미지참조] 41
Fig. 12. Maximum methane production rate by 1st and 2nd derivative (30, 40mM - Magnetite)[이미지참조] 42
Fig. 13. Maximum methane production rate by 1st and 2nd derivative (70, 100mM - Magnetite)[이미지참조] 43
Fig. 14. Methane yield improvement and maximum methane production rate improvement by concentration according to the addition... 44
Fig. 15. Methane yield improvement and maximum methane production speed reduction rate by concentration according to the... 44
Fig. 16. pH properties of food waste water fed to PFR 46
Fig. 17. Total solids and volatile solids properties of food waste water fed to PFR 46
Fig. 18. Total kjeldahl nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen properties of food waste water fed to PFR 47
Fig. 19. Chemical oxygen demand and soluble chemical oxygen demand properties of food waste water fed to PFR 47
Fig. 20. Total volatile fatty acids properties of food waste water fed to PFR 48
Fig. 21. pH properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in PFR 51
Fig. 22. Alkalinity properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in PFR 51
Fig. 23. Total solid properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in PFR 52
Fig. 24. Volatile solid properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in PFR 52
Fig. 25. Total kjeldahl nitrogen properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in PFR 53
Fig. 26. Ammonium nitrogen properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in PFR 53
Fig. 27. Chemical oxygen demand properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in PFR 54
Fig. 28. Soluble chemical oxygen demand properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in PFR 54
Fig. 29. Total volatile fatty acids properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in PFR 55
Fig. 30. Results of methane production and organic loading rate during the PFR operation period 58
Fig. 31. pH properties of food waste water used in CSTR 60
Fig. 32. Total solid and volatile solid properties of food waste water used in CSTR 60
Fig. 33. Total kjeldahl nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen properties of food waste water used in CSTR 61
Fig. 34. Chemical oxygen demand and soluble chemical oxygen demand properties of food waste water used in CSTR 61
Fig. 35. Total volatile fatty acids properties of food waste water used in CSTR 62
Fig. 36. pH properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in CSTR 64
Fig. 37. Alkalinity properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in CSTR 64
Fig. 38. Total solids and volatile solids properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in CSTR 65
Fig. 39. Total kjeldahl nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in CSTR 65
Fig. 40. Chemical oxygen demand and soluble chemical oxygen demand properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in CSTR 66
Fig. 41. Total volatile fatty acids properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in CSTR 66
Fig. 42. H₂S properties of anaerobic digestion sludge in CSTR 67
Fig. 43. Results of methane production and organic loading rate during the CSTR operation period 70