Title Page
Contents
ABSTRACT 15
국문초록 18
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 21
1.1. Research Background and Context 21
1.2. Problem Statement 25
1.3. Research objectives 28
1.4. Research questions 29
1.5. Impact and Significance of the study 30
1.6. Research Outline 31
CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 33
2.1. Overview on the Blockchain Technology 33
2.1.1. Blockchain concept 33
2.1.2. Blockchain History 34
2.1.3. Basic concepts about Blockchain 35
2.1.4. Blockchain Characteristics. 37
2.1.5. Types of Blockchain 38
2.1.6. Blockchain versions 39
2.1.7. Blockchain vs. Database 41
2.1.8. Blockchain Applications and Projects for the Education sector 42
2.2. Fake Diploma 44
2.3. Information and Communication Technologies in Education 46
2.3.1. ICT Integration in the DR Congo Education System 47
2.4. Presentation of the current status 50
2.4.1. Presentation of the current management of Academic Documents in Higher Education Institutions 55
2.5. Technology Adoption Theories and Models 57
2.5.1. Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) 57
2.5.2. Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) 58
2.5.3. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) 59
2.5.4. The Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework 62
2.5.5. Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DOI) 63
2.5.6. The Information Systems Success Model 65
2.5.7. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) 66
CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND MODEL 68
3.1. Research Methodology 68
3.2. The Proposed Research Model 68
3.2.1. Rationales and determinants of its choice 68
3.3. Operational definition and Hypotheses development 73
3.3.1. Perceived Relative Advantage 73
3.3.2. Information Transparency and Data Immutability 74
3.3.3. Management Support & Readiness 77
3.3.4. Competitive Pressure 78
3.3.5. Government Support 78
3.3.6. Perceived Ease of Use 79
3.3.7. Perceived Usefulness 80
3.4. Data collection 81
3.5. The proposed System Overview 81
CHAPTER 4. DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS 84
4.1. Demographic Analysis 84
4.2. Validity and Reliability Test 86
4.3. Descriptive Statistics of Factors 89
4.4. Analysis of the Measurement Model 90
4.4.1. Confirmatory Factor Analysis 91
4.4.2. Convergent Validity 94
4.4.3. Discriminant Validity 97
4.5. Path Analysis and Hypothesis Testing 97
4.5.1. Model Fit Indices 98
4.5.2. Path Analysis 99
4.5.3. Final research model with hypotheses results 103
4.5.4. Moderator Effect 104
CHAPTER 5. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 113
5.1. Summarized results 113
5.2. Impact 117
5.3. Discussion 118
5.4. Limitations and suggestions 120
5.5. Conclusion 121
References 124
Appendixes 133
[Table2-1] Network Readiness Index 49
[Table2-2] Access and Use of ICT 50
[Table2-3] Telecom Subscription & Mobile Internet Traffic 50
[Table 4-1] Demographic Analysis 85
[Table 4-2] Validity and Reliability Tests 89
[Table 4-3] Descriptive Statistics of Factors' values 90
[Table 4-4] Model Fit Indices 94
[Table 4-5] Convergent Validity 96
[Table 4-6] Discriminant Validity 97
[Table 4-7] Path Model Fit Indices 99
[Table 4-8] Hypotheses Analysis Results 100
[Table 4-9] Moderator Effects: Age 105
[Table 4-10] Moderator Effects: Gender 106
[Table 4-11] Moderator Effects: Education 107
[Table 4-12] Moderator Effects: Occupation 108
[Table 4-13] Moderator Effects: Institution 109
[Table 4-14] Moderator Effects: ICT Skills 111
[Figure 2-1] Theory of Reasoned Action 58
[Figure 2-2] Theory of Planned Behaviour 59
[Figure 2-3] Technology Acceptance Model 60
[Figure 2-4] Technology Acceptance Model 62
[Figure 2-5] TOE Model 63
[Figure 2-6] DOI Theory 65
[Figure 2-7] IS Success Model 66
[Figure 2-8] UTAUT Model 67
[Figure 3-1] Proposed Research Model 73
[Figure 3-2] Proposed System Overview 83
[Figure 4-1] Confirmatory Factor Analysis 92
[Figure 4-2] Path Analysis 98
[Figure 4-3] Final Research Model 103