Title Page
ABSTRACT
Contents
LIST OF ACRONYMS 14
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 15
1.1. Background of the Study 15
1.2. Objectives of the study 18
1.3. Significance of the Study 18
1.4. Method of Study 19
1.5. Scope and Limitation of the Study 20
1.6. Organization of the Study 20
CHAPTER II. LITERATURE REVIEW 22
2.1. The Concept of Women Empowerment 22
2.1.1. Economic Empowerment 24
2.1.2. Social Empowerment 26
2.1.3. Political Empowerment 27
2.1.4. Psychological Empowerment 28
2.2. Gender Equality 30
2.3. International society's issue on Gender Equality in Garment Sector 32
2.4. Gender Equality in Myanmar 38
2.5. Gender Gap in Myanmar 42
2.6. Gender Inequality Issue and Condition of Women in Garment Industries 46
2.7. The Role of International and Local Non-Governmental Organizations in Women Empowerment Programs 50
2.8. The Role of Government of Myanmar in Women Empowerment Programs 51
2.9. Collaboration between the Government of Myanmar and the Non-governmental Organizations 53
2.10. Women Empowerment Programs by Korea Saemaul Undong as A Successful Story 57
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 61
3.1. Scope of Study and Research Methodology 61
3.2. Analytical Framework 62
3.3. Research Design 63
3.4. Research setting 64
3.5. Sources of Data collection 64
3.6. Designing of Questionnaire 65
3.7. Data Sampling and Analysis 65
3.8. Criteria of Research 66
3.9. Ethical consideration 66
3.10. Seeking informed consent 66
3.11. Confidentiality 67
3.12. Privacy 67
CHAPTER IV. DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS 68
4.1. Study Area 68
4.2. Analysis of Result 70
4.3. Frequency Analysis of Respondents 71
4.4. Descriptive Statistics 77
4.5. Reliability Analysis 85
4.6. Frequency Analysis 86
4.7. Regression Analysis 94
4.8. Qualitative Findings 101
CHAPTER V. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS 105
5.1. General Findings 105
5.2. Conclusion 107
5.3. Suggestion 111
5.3.1. Suggestion on Economic Empowerment 112
5.3.2. Suggestion on Social Empowerment 112
5.3.3. Suggestion on Political Empowerment 113
5.3.4. Suggestion on Psychological Empowerment 113
5.3.5. Suggestion on Women Empowerment Programs 114
References 115
Appendix-A. [제목없음] 119
요약 129
Table 1. Demographic Characteristics of the Respondents (N=200) 71
Table 2. Background Information of the Respondents (N=200) 73
Table 3. Different Types of Women Empowerment Programs 75
Table 4. Data relevant to Women Empowerment Programs (N=200) 76
Table 5. Descriptive Analysis of Economic Empowerment (N=200) 78
Table 6. Descriptive Analysis of Social Empowerment (N=200) 79
Table 7. Descriptive Analysis of Political Empowerment (N=200) 81
Table 8. Descriptive Analysis of Psychological Empowerment (N=200) 82
Table 9. Descriptive Analysis of Program Design (N=200) 83
Table 10. Descriptive Analysis of Improving the Lives of Women (N=200) 84
Table 11. Reliability Analysis for Indicators 85
Table 12. Frequency Analysis of Economic Empowerment Variable (N=200) 86
Table 13. Frequency Analysis of Social Empowerment Variable (N=200) 88
Table 14. Frequency Analysis of Political Empowerment Variable (N=200) 89
Table 15. Frequency Analysis of Psychological Empowerment Variable (N=200) 91
Table 16. Frequency Analysis of Women Empowerment Programs Variable (N=200) 92
Table 17. Frequency Analysis of Improving the Lives of Women Variable (N=200) 93
Table 18. Hypothesis 1: Economic empowerment has a positive influence on improving the lives of women (N=200) 95
Table 19. Hypothesis 2: Social empowerment has a positive influence on improving the lives of women (N=200) 96
Table 20. Hypothesis 3: Political empowerment has a positive influence on improving the lives of women (N=200) 98
Table 21. Hypothesis 4: Psychological empowerment has a positive influence on improving the lives of women (N=200) 99
Table 22. Hypothesis 5: Women Empowerment Programs have a positive influence on improving the lives of women (N=200) 100
Table 23. Summary Findings of this Study 105
Figure 1. Female Labor Force Participation (as a Percent of Female Population Age 15+), 2011 32
Figure 2. Industrial Classification of Economically Active Population, 2010 41
Figure 3. Female-to-Male labor force participation rates in Myanmar, as well as east Asia and Pacific countries and other lower middle-income countries. 45
Figure 4. Unemployment rates by sex and age, 1991 and 2014 46
Figure 5. Conceptual Framework 62
Figure 6. Location of ShwePyiThar Township 69
Figure 7. Location of HlaingTharYar Township 70