Title Page
Contents
Abbreviations List 10
Abstract 11
Chapter 1. Introduction 14
1.1. Background and Research Objective 14
1.2. Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) 16
1.2.1. Electromagnetic enhancement mechanism (EM) 18
1.2.2. Chemical enhancement mechanism (CM) 19
1.3. Application of plasmonic nanomaterials 19
1.3.1. Sensors 21
1.3.2. Biosensor 22
1.3.3. Catalysis 22
1.4. SERS substrate using nanogap 24
Chapter 2. Experimental 26
2.1. Materials 26
2.2. Preparation of Nanoporous Au films (NPGF) 26
2.3. Surface Modification of Nanoporous Au films (NPGF) 27
2.4. preparation of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) 27
2.5. Internalization of AuNPs in the hole of the NPGF 28
2.6. SERS Measurement 28
2.7. FDTD simulation 29
Chapter 3. Results and Discussions 30
3.1. Nanoporuos Au films (NPGF) 30
3.1.1. Electrochemical synthesis of NPGF 30
3.1.2. Surface modification of nanoporous Au films (NPGF) 32
3.1.3. Preparation Au nanoparticles for Ball-in-Hole approach 34
3.2. Ball-in-hole substrate 39
3.2.1. Ball-in-Hole substrate as High-performance SERS substrate 42
3.2.2. Ball-in-Hole Substrate - Reliability test 54
3.2.3. Ball-in-Hole Substrate-Reusability test 57
Conclusion 58
Reference 59
국문초록 63
Figure 1. Energy level diagram illustrating Rayleigh Scattering and Raman Scattering. 15
Figure 2. Schematic diagram showing localized surface plasmons (LSPs) of a metal nanosphere 16
Figure 3. Schematic illustration of current various types of flexible platforms... 20
Figure 4. Plasmonic nanogap structures with ultrasmall nanogaps and plasmonic... 24
Figure 5. NPGF (a) LSV (b) Typical photographs left before electrodeposition right... 30
Figure 6. (a) Illustrated scheme for how it takes to form surface modification using... 32
Figure 7. (a) Before AuNPs surface modification (b) After particle surface treatment 33
Figure 8. TEM image of 13nm AuNPs (a), 23nm AuNPs (b) and 41nm AuNPs (c),... 34
Figure 9. Typical SEM image showing the NPGF in pore embedded in NaCl-Induced... 38
Figure 10. (a-d) Schematic diagram of the nanoporous gold films inserted by three... 39
Figure 11. AFM images of 3D Ball-in-Hole substrate with different particle sizes (-... 40
Figure 12. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering from Ball-in-Hole substrate. (a-c)... 42
Figure 13. SERS spectra of 4-ATP and R6G at a mol concentration of 10⁴ : NPGF... 44
Figure 14. (a) The fitting curve about the SERS intensity of R6G at 610 cm-1 as a...[이미지참조] 46
Figure 15. (a) R6G (10-2M) Raman spectrum Si substrate (b) 4-ATP (10-2M) Raman...[이미지참조] 48
Figure 16. (top) SEM images with active simulation area(800nm x 800nm) and... 51
Figure 17. Relative E-field intensity at the axis with maximum value. 53
Figure 18. Schematic illustration of acquisition of Raman mapping image. (a) Raman... 54
Figure 19. A reusability test was conducted on the AuNPs @ NPGF. After dropping... 57