Title Page
Contents
ABSTRACT 11
I. Introduction 13
1. Carbon Nanomaterials 13
2. Synthesis and Structure of Carbon Dots 14
3. Engineering Strategies for Carbon Dots 17
II. Radiative and Non-Radiative Decay Pathways in Carbon Nanodots toward Bioimaging and Photodynamic Therapy 18
1. Introduction 18
2. Experimental Section 20
3. Results and Discussion 25
4. Conclusions 49
III. Long-wavelength Emitting Carbon Dot with Narrow FWHM 50
1. Introduction 50
2. Experimental Details 52
3. Results and Discussion 54
4. Conclusions 69
IV. Conclusions 70
V. Bibliography 71
ABSTRACT IN KOREAN 84
Curriculum Vitae 89
Table II-1. Elemental analysis data of the CNDs. 34
Table II-2. Absolute quantum yields of the CNDs (excitation... 41
Table II-3. Fluorescence lifetimes of the CNDs. 48
Table III-1. Fluorescence lifetimes of each state of NA-CND. 62
Table III-2. Absolute quantum yields of the NA-CND (excitation... 63
Figure I-1. Characteristics of CNDs and their application fields. 16
Figure II-1. (a) Schematic illustration of the synthesis of CNDs.... 27
Figure II-2. Size distributions of (a) CND1, (b) CND2, (c) CND3,... 28
Figure II-3. (a) HPLC analysis of the CNDs monitored by the 350... 29
Figure II-4. Zeta potentials of the CNDs are -35.16±1.20,... 30
Figure II-5. Raman spectra of (a) CND1, (b) CND2, (c) CND3, and... 31
Figure II-6. FT-IR spectra of the CNDs. The C=O (1693 ㎝-1) and...[이미지참조] 33
Figure II-7. C1s XPS spectra of (a) CND1, (b) CND2, (c) CND3,... 34
Figure II-8. UV-visible absorption spectra of (a) CND1, (b) CND2,... 39
Figure II-9. PL emission maps and spectra for excitation... 40
Figure II-10. (a) Photostability of the CNDs against (a) ambience... 42
Figure II-11. (a) TCSPC signals for CNDs recorded at detection... 46
Figure II-12. (a) Schematic illustration of the ROS generation by... 47
Figure III-1. a) Schematic of synthesis of NA-CND. b) NA-CND... 55
Figure III-2. FT-IR spectra of 1-naphthylamine and NA-CND. 56
Figure III-3. a) N1s XPS spectra of NA-CND. b) C1s XPS spectra of NA-CND. 59
Figure III-4. a) Normalized UV-visible absorption spectra (black line)... 60
Figure III-5. a) PL contour map showing each state of NA-CND. b)... 61
Figure III-6. a) UV-visible absorption spectra of H-NA-CNDs. b)... 66
Figure III-7. a) PL emission spectra of quenched NA-CND at 570 ㎚... 67
Figure III-8. Energy diagram of NA-CND after H+ quenched.[이미지참조] 68