Title Page
ABSTRACT
ABBREVIATION
Contents
CHAPTER I. Introduction 15
1.1. Background 15
1.2. Scope and Limitations of Study 22
1.3. Research methodology 23
CHAPTER II. CURRENT ISSUES OF WOMEN MIGRANT SEX WORKER IN SOUTH ASIAN REGION 24
2.1. General concept on Women Migrant Worker, Sex worker and definition 26
2.2. The size and significance of sex sector 28
2.3. Human rights abuse on women in South Asian Region 32
2.3.1. Undocumented Migrant Workers 32
2.3.2. Women Migrant Sex Workers 33
2.4. ASEAN Regional Declaration on the Protection and Promotion on the Rights of Migrant worker 41
2.5. The conflict between the ASEAN Member States on the Application and Interpretation of the ASEAN Instrument Protection and Promotion of the Rights of Migrant Workers 42
2.5.1. Conflict between States 43
CHAPTER III. THE PROTECTION OF RIGHTS OF WOMEN MIGRANT SEX WORKERS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK 48
3.1. Definition of Migrant Workers under International Law 48
3.2. Women Migrant Sex Workers Under International Legal Framework 49
3.2.1. Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) 50
3.2.2. International Convention on the Protection on the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Their Families (ICRMW) 54
3.2.3. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) 58
3.2.4. Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) Convention 1975 (No.143) 65
3.3. Regional Response to the Protection of Migrant Worker's Rights 67
3.3.1. Asian Human Rights Charter 67
3.3.2. Bangkok Declaration on Irregular Migration (1999) 68
3.4. Conclusion 70
CHAPTER IV. A STUDY OF SEX WORK FROM NEW ZEALAND AND AN OVERVIEW OF ASEAN REGION ON WOMEN MIGRANT SEX WORKERS 72
4.1. A study of sex work from New Zealand 72
4.1.1. Background to decriminalisation of the sex industry in New Zealand 72
4.1.2. Prostitution Reform Act (PRA) 77
4.1.3. Impact of the Act to sex workers in New Zealand 81
4.2. ASEAN Declaration on Protection and Promotion of the Rights of Migrants Workers 83
4.2.1. Historical Background 83
4.2.2. The Purpose of the Declaration 84
4.2.3. Formation structure 85
4.2.4. General Principle 90
4.2.5. Obligations 91
4.3. Conclusion 95
CHAPTER V. RECOMMENDATION FOR ASEAN NEW INSTRUMENT ON THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF WOMEN MIGRANT SEX WORKERS 97
5.1. National Response 97
5.1.1. The improvement of Member States' National Laws and Policies 97
5.1.2. The ratification of International Human Rights Instruments 109
5.2. Towards the establishment of new Instrument on protecting women migrant sex workers 112
5.3. Conclusion 115
CHAPTER VI. CONCLUSION 116
REFERENCE 121