Title Page
ABSTRACT
Contents
LISTS OF ABBREVIATIONS 13
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 15
1.1. Introduction 15
1.2. Legal Issues 20
1.3. The Objective and Scope of The Study 20
1.4. Research Methodology 22
CHAPTER II: DEATH PENALTY: HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND THE CURRENT STATUS 24
2.1. Definition of Death Penalty 24
2.2. Historical Background 25
2.3. The Methods of Death Penalty 28
2.4. The Objective of The Penalty 31
2.5. The Death Penalty and The Reliability of the Criminal Justice System 37
2.6. The Doctrine of the Death Penalty 38
2.6.1. The Perception of Fundamental Rights and the Death Penalty 42
2.6.2. The Implementation of the Death Penalty Worldwide 43
2.7. The Abolition of the Death Penalty Worldwide 48
2.7.1. Features of the Abolition of the Death Penalty 48
2.7.2. The Replacement of the Death Penalty 51
2.8. The Arguments support and Against the Death Penalty 54
CHAPTER III: LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AGAINST THE DEATH PENALTY 57
3.1. The Introduction of International Human Right Law 57
3.2. Legal Sources and Framework of International Human Rights Law 58
3.2.1. Customary International Law 59
3.2.2. International and ASEAN Legal Framework on the Human Rights Protection 61
3.2.3. The General Principle of Law and Judicial Decision 82
3.3. The Involved Organizations in the International Region and Southeast Asia Region 84
3.3.1. The International Organizations 84
3.3.2. Association of Southeast Asia Nations (ASEAN) 89
CHAPTER IV: THE COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE CONCERNING THE DEATH PENALTY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN REGION 91
4.1. The Actual Implementation of the Death Penalty in the United States of America 91
4.1.1. The Arguments Regarding the Death Penalty in the U.S. 92
4.1.2. Analysis of the Death Penalty Related to the Level of Crimes in Society 101
4.2. Towards the European Death Penalty-Free Area and the Legal Framework on the Abolition of the Death Penalty 103
4.2.1. European Union Countries' Perspective Against the Death Penalty 106
CHAPTER V: THE DEATH PENALTY IN THAILAND AND THE ABOLITION OF THE DEATH PENALTY IN CAMBODIA 111
5.1. The Maintenance of the Rights to Life and the Death Penalty in Thailand 111
5.1.1. Laws of Thailand Concerning the Death Penalty 112
5.1.2. The Noticeable Miscarriage of Justice under the Death Penalty and the State Responsibility 118
5.1.3. The Reason behind Re-implementing the Death Penalty in 2018 120
5.1.4. The General Previous and Current Policies of Thailand Concerning the Sign of Abolishing the Death Penalty 122
5.1.5. The Level of Crimes Before and After the Moratorium of the Death Penalty 126
5.2. Human Rights Protection in Cambodia 127
5.2.1. The Policy of Cambodia in Abolishing the Death Penalty 129
5.2.2. The Replaceable Penalty on the Death Penalty Law and the Deterrence of Crimes in Cambodia 131
5.2.3. The Level of Crimes Before and After the Abolition of the Death Penalty 131
5.3. Conclusion 132
CHAPTER VI: THE POSSIBILITY OF LAO PDR IN ABOLISHING THE DEATH PENALTY AND THE PROPOSAL FOR THE ABOLITION 134
6.1. The Possibility of Lao PDR in Abolishing the Death Penalty 134
6.1.1. The Fundamental Rights Infringed Upon by Death Penalty 136
6.1.2. The Death Penalty Infringes the Buddhist Doctrine 137
6.1.3. The Miscarriage and the Deterrence of Crimes 138
6.2. The Proposal as the Guideline to Lao PDR in Abolishing the Death Penalty 138
6.2.1. The Proposal on the Policy and Legal Improvement 138
6.2.2. The Proposal on the Strategy 141
6.2.3. The Proposal to the Organizations 144
CHAPTER VII: CONCLUSION 147
REFERENCES 151