Title Page
Abstract
국문요약
Contents
Chapter 1. Introduction 16
1.1. Introduction 17
1.2. Materials for Organic solar cells 18
1.3. Bulk Heterojunction Devices 19
1.4. Charge Mobility 20
1.5. Solubility 21
1.6. References 23
Chapter 2. Synthesis and Characterization of P-type Photoactive Material for Organic Photovoltaics 26
2.1. Introduction 27
2.2. Synthesis and Analysis of new polymer 28
2.2.1. Characterization 28
2.2.2. Synthesis of 1-(3-bromothiophen-2-yl)undecan-1-one (2) 28
2.2.3. Synthesis of Ethyl 3-decylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2-carboxylate (3) 29
2.2.4. Synthesis of 3-decylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (4) 30
2.2.5. Synthesis of 3-decylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene (5) 30
2.2.6. Synthesis of 2,5-dibromo-3-decylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene (6) 31
2.2.7. Synthesis of 4,7-bis(3-hexylthiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (7) 32
2.2.8. Synthesis of PTTBTD 32
2.2.9. Synthesis of PTTTBTD 33
2.3. Result and Discussion 34
2.3.1. Synthesis of PTTBTD/PTTTBTD 34
2.3.2. Optical Properties 35
2.3.3. Electrochemical Properties 35
2.3.4. AFM Image 36
2.4. Conclusions 37
3. References 53
Table 1. GPC data of new p-type polymers 45
Table 2. UV absoption data of new p-type polymers 46
Table 3. CV data of new p-type polymers 47
Figure 1.1. Donors and Acceptors materials 18
Figure 2.1. Synthesis of 1-(3-bromothiophen-2-yl)undecan-1-one ¹H NMR of (2) in CDCl₃ 40
Figure 2.2. Synthesis of ethyl 3-decylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2-carboxylate ¹H NMR of (3) in CDCl₃ 41
Figure 2.3. Synthesis of 3-decylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene ¹H NMR of (5) in CDCl₃ 42
Figure 2.4. Synthesis of poly[4-(6-decylthieno[3,2-b]thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole](PTTBTD) ¹H NMR of in CDCl₃ 43
Figure 2.5. Synthesis of poly-4-(5-(3-decylthieno[3,2-b]thiophen-2-yl)-3-hexylthiophen-2-yl)-7-... 44
Figure 2.6. Cyclic voltammetry of PTTBTD 48
Figure 2.7. Cyclic voltammetry of PTTTBTD 49
Figure 2.8. UV-vis absorption of p-type polymers (solution) 50
Figure 2.9. UV-vis absorption of p-type polymers (film) 51
Figure 2.10. AFM image of PTTTBTD 52
Scheme 1. Synthesis of novel p-type monomer ; 2,5-dibromo-3-decylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene 38
Scheme 2. Synthesis of novel p-type monomer ; 4,7-bis(3-hexylthiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole 38
Scheme 3. Synthesis of novel p-type polymer ; poly[4-(6-decylthieno[3,2-b]thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole] 39
Scheme 4. Synthesis of novel p-type polymer ; poly[4-(5-(3-decylthieno[3,2-b]thiophen-2-yl)-3-... 39