Title Page
ABSTRACT
Contents
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 13
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 17
A. The Problems 30
1. Kenyan Economic status 30
2. Individual Problem 39
3. Community 42
B. Need and purpose of the study 46
C. Methodology: Comparative Research 48
D. Limitations of this Study 51
CHAPTER II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 53
A. History of community development 53
B. Kenya's economic profile from Korea's perspective 58
1. Health 64
2. Education 65
3. Infrastructure 65
4. Trade and Economy 67
5. Environment and Energy 67
6. Threatened species 68
7. Nationally protected areas 68
C. South Korea's Economic landscape in a glimpse 68
CHAPTER III. METHODOLGY: THE WAY THIS RESEARCH DOES COMPARTATIVE STUDY 79
A. Ministry of Agriculture 80
1. Spillover effects 81
2. Farmers' Future Plans 81
B. Coastal Rural Support Program (CRSP) 82
1. Social Organizing 82
2. Enterprise 83
3. Bee-keeping 84
4. Poultry and Goat Meat 84
5. Vocational Training 85
6. Early Childhood Development 87
7. Developing Energy Enterprises Project (DEEP) 87
8. Community Knowledge and Resource Centers 88
9. Crop Production 88
10. Outcomes and Achievements 89
C. CD Organizations and Community Empowerment 89
1. Participatory development in Africa 90
2. The concept of participatory development in African rural communities 93
D. The Role of NGOs and CBOs in Participatory Development in Africa 100
E. What makes communities develop or fail 105
CHAPTER IV. PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONS 113
A. Presenting 4K Clubs and its programs? 113
1. The young farmers' clubs 114
2. Out-of-school youth groups 115
3. Educational content 116
4. Crop production 116
5. Livestock production 118
6. Nutrition education 119
7. Population education 120
8. Family life education 121
B. Delivery systems 122
1. Short courses/seminars 122
2. On-farm demonstrations 123
3. Extension field visits 124
4. Technical teaching materials 124
5. Agricultural shows 125
6. Field days 125
7. Mass media 126
8. National 4-K competition 126
C. Current problems 127
1. Staff 127
2. Local leaders/patrons 129
3. Technical teaching materials 130
D. Farm inputs 131
E. Presenting SEAMAUL UNDONG 131
1. What are the goals of SAEMAUL UNDONG Movement? 135
2. What are the guiding spirits of SAEMAUL UNDONG Movement? 136
3. Did SAEMAUL UNDONG have to be led by government? 139
F. Analysis: Why SEAMAUL UNDONG worked better compared to 4K Club 143
G. Interpretation and Introduction of 5KY village development model 147
1. Preamble 150
2. Community Development Principles 150
3. Forming a development structure - Cell like multiplication for community development 153
4. Means of development 154
5. Results 155
H. The case of sunflower 157
1. Sunflower seed, sunflower oil and sunflower byproducts 159
2. Sunflower Health Benefits 160
3. Oil production in Kenya 160
I. 5KY Precursors of developments 162
1. Value added resources, agricultural/horticultural 166
2. Culture and talents and the gifted nurturing 166
3. Smart policies and good leadership and governance 166
J. Key Resources 167
1. Natural resources 167
2. Education 169
3. Human resources 175
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION 185
BIBLIOGRAPHY 189
A. BOOKS 189
B. JOURNALS/ARTICLES 193
C. WEBSITES 195
APPENDIX : CURRICULUM VITAE 197
Table 1.0. Kenya-Korea Economic outlook in a nutshell 60
Table 1.1. Kenya and South Korea's Imports, Exports and Ranking 61
Figure 1.0. Model 1, 3, 6, 12 154
Figure 1.1. Model 1, 2, 4, 8 or 154
Graph 1.0. Comparison of Kenya's VS Korea's GDP from 1960 to present 58
Graph 1.1. Land size comparisons between Kenya and South Korea in square... 59
Graph 1.2. Population comparison between Kenya and South Korea 59
Graph 1.3. A historical chart, and forecasts for Manufacturing; value added... 165
Graph 1.4. VALUE AGRICULTURAL OUT PUT 165
Graph 1.5. The following are the graphs that show Kenya's public spending... 173
Graph 1.6. Government of Kenya, education sector as a proportion of total... 174
Graph 1.7. Public spending on education; total (% of government expenditure)... 174