Title Page
Contents
ABSTRACT 11
Chapter One Introduction 12
1. Motivation for the Selection of the Topic 13
2. Structure of the Study 14
3. Contribution by the Dissertation 16
4. Methodology of Dissertation 16
4.1. The Sources and Scope of the Research 16
4.2. Methodology of Approach 17
Chapter Two Historical Situation of the Context 19
1. Rediscovering the meaning of Burma or Myanmar 19
2. The Nation and the People of Myanmar 21
2.1. A Brief History of Myanmar 21
2.2. Reforms and Transition towards Democracy 28
3. The Churches Struggling for Justice and Peace in Myanmar 30
3.1. The arrival of Christianity in Myanmar 30
3.2. The Church in Myanmar Today 33
3.3. Current Context of Myanmar 36
4. The Realities of Human Rights in Conflict Areas of Myanmar 38
4.1. Ethnic Minority Rights 38
4.2. Women's and Children's Rights 40
4.3. Right to Education and Health 41
5. Towards Justice and Peace in Myanmar: Building a new Society 43
5.1. Violence, Poverty and Peacemaking: Peace and Hope for the future 43
5.2. Solidarity amidst Diversity 46
5.3. Interfaith Dialogue for Myanmar 51
Chapter Three A Study of Theology of Justice and Peace 58
Introduction 58
1. Biblical Concept of Justice 58
1.1. The God of Justice 61
1.2. Jesus and Justice 62
1.3. The Poor and Justice 64
2. The Biblical Concept of Peace 65
2.1. The Biblical Concept of Peace in the Old Testament 65
2.2. The Biblical Concept of Peace in the New Testament 68
3. Interpretation of Justice and Peace from Some Theologians 70
3.1. Interpretation of Justice and Peace by Early Christian Theologians 71
3.2. Interpretation of Justice and Peace from Medieval Theologians 73
3.3. Interpretation of Justice and Peace from Theologians of the Protestant Reformed Theologians 75
3.4. Interpretation of Justice and Peace from Modern Theologians 77
4. Roots of Dalit and Minjung 83
4.1. Roots and definition of Dalit 83
4.2. Roots and definition of Minjung 86
5. Context: Minjung Han and Dalit Peeran 89
5.1. Minjung Han 90
5.2. Dalit Peeran 95
6. Biblical and Theological Reflection 97
Conclusion 104
Chapter Four Theology of Peace and Justice from the Perspective of Dalit and Minjung and Its Application to the Context of Myanmar 108
1. Definition the terms and meaning 108
1.1. Roots and definition of Lu Du 108
1.2. The meaning of Lu Du Theology of Suffering 114
1.3. The Meaning of Dukkha Vadana ($$$$)(이미지참조) 115
1.4. The meaning of Domanassa Vedana 117
2. Relation between Han, Peeran and Domanassa Vedana 118
3. Dukkha Vedana and People (Lu Du) Movements: Some Important Human Rights Movements in Myanmar 123
Introduction 123
3.1. 1962-7th July Riots(이미지참조) 125
3.2. 1974 U Thant Funeral Riots 127
3.3. Democratization Movement in 1988 (8888 Uprising) 128
3.4. The Depayin Massacre (Burmese: $$$$: $$$$)(이미지참조) 130
3.5. The Saffron Revolution of 2007 (Burmese: $$$$)(이미지참조) 131
Conclusion 135
4. Liberation from Dukkha Vedana: the search for Peace and Justice 136
4.1. The Exodus event and Lu Du 136
4.2. The Centrality of the Jesus-Event 145
Chapter Five Jesus and Lu Du: Correlation 150
1. Jesus and Lu Du 150
2. The Cross of Jesus and the Suffering of the Lu Du 154
2.1. Neo-Crucifixion and the Suffering of Lu Du 154
2.2. The Cross of Jesus 157
3. The Holy Spirit and Lu Du 160
3.1. Jesus and the Holy Spirit 161
3.2. The Language of the Holy Spirit and Lu Du 164
3.3. The Holy Spirit and the Suffering of Lu Du 167
4. Resurrection of Jesus and Lu Du 171
4.1. Lu Du understanding of Jesus' resurrection 174
4.2. Christian lu du understanding of the resurrection of Jesus in Myanmar's context 175
4.3. Buddhists lu du understanding of resurrection 176
4.4. Lu Du understanding of Resurrection as Nirvana 177
4.5. Lu Du understanding of Jesus and Gautama 178
Chapter Six Theological Reconstruction for Justice and Peace in Myanmar 182
1. Justice as Mission 182
Introduction 182
1.1. Traditional understanding of Mission in Myanmar 183
1.2. Justice as Mission: Restorative Justice for Social Reconciliation in Myanmar 186
Conclusion 189
2. Rediscovery of the Image of God in Human-made Criterions: Equality of All Human-beings 191
2.1. Education 193
2.2. Economics 193
2.3. Segregation of "Apartheid" 194
3. Environmental/ Ecological Justice 197
3.1. Nature as God's Creation and Lu Du 198
3.2. The Environmental Impacts and Suffering of Lu Du 199
3.3. Relation between Lu Du and Nature 201
3.4. Human Beings are Stewards of God's creation 203
4. The Rights and Roles of Ethnic Minorities in Myanmar 204
4.1. Discovering the Meaning and the Roles of Lu Du / Ethnic Minorities 204
4.2. The struggle of the Lu Du / Ethnic Minorities for their rights 206
4.3. To Reclaim and promote the Rights and Roles of lu du / Ethnic Minorities 208
5. Appropriate Leadership Style for Myanmar 211
Introduction 211
5.1. What is proper leadership/leader in the society? 212
5.2. What style of leadership is practiced in Myanmar? 213
5.3. Jesus' style of leadership (Good Shepherd) 215
5.4. What can leaders learn from Jesus' model of leadership? 217
Conclusion 217
6. Liberation from Suffering (dukkha Vedana): Fulfillment of Justice and Peace 218
6.1. Building Communities of the Kingdom 219
6.2. Conceptual Frameworks and Peace-Building 221
6.3. Lu Du and Building the Kingdom of God 225
Chapter Seven Conclusion 228
Abbreviations 244
Bibliography 247
Appendix 260