Title Page
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Contents
ABBREVIATION 9
ABSTRACT 10
I. INTRODUCTION 11
II. MATERIALS and METHODS 14
II.1. Plasmid construct 14
II.2. Mammalian cell culture 15
II.3. Cell transfection 16
II.4. Assessment cell viability 17
II.5. Measurement of changes in mitochondrial membrane potential 18
II.6. Assessment of cytochrome c release 19
II.7. Determination of Caspase 9 and 3 activation 21
II.8. Statistical Analysis 22
III. RESULT 23
III.1. MUDENG induces caspase-mediated cell death 23
III.2. Bax is required for MUDENG-mediated cell death 24
III.3. MUDENG dissipates cellular mitochondrial membrane potential 25
III.4. MUDENG releases cytochrome c into the cytosol 26
III.5. Activation of caspases by MUDENG. 27
Ⅳ. DISCUSSION 37
REFERENCES 41
SUMMARY in Korean 46
Figure 1. MUDENG induces caspase-mediated cell death. 28
Figure 2. MUDENG induces Bax-dependent cell death. 29
Figure 3. Changes in Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by MUDENG 30
Figure 4. Relaese of cytochrome c by MUDENG 31
Figure 5. Activation of caspase 9 and 3 by MUDENG 32
Figure 6. A proposed signaling model of MUDENG-mediated apoptosis 33